"Waltzing Matilda" is Australia's best known and much loved national song. It is recognized by every Australian, and has attained status as the nation's unofficial national anthem.
For over 100 years "Waltzing Matilda" has been passed on by word of mouth, in written forms, in sound recordings and other media. It has been represented in countless artistic works, through music, films, television, dance and literature. The song appears in multiple genres -parodies and painting, in travel stories, in children's books, at sporting events.
The words of "Waltzing Matilda" were written in 1895 by the famous Australian poet Andrew Barton Paterson. The music was written by Christina Macpherson (based on a folk Scottish tune).
"Waltzing Matilda" is the story about a tramp who camps by a creep and steals a sheep. Three policemen arrive and he escapes arrest - and certain hanging - committing suicide by leaping into the billabong, where his ghost may be heard by all who pass by.
Glossary of the Australian terms:
WALZING MATILDA: The act of carrying the "swag"
BILLABONG: Section of still water adjacent to a river
COOLIBAH: A species of gum or eucalyptus tree
SWAGMAN: An Australian tramp or itinerant farm hand, carrying his "swag" (his provisions and blankets)
BILLY: An open topped tin can, with a wire carrying handle, used as a kettle for boiling water into which tea is thrown
TUCKER BAG: A bag for "tucker" or food, part of the "swag"
JUMBUCK: A sheep
SQUATTER: A grazier or farmer owner. The meaning of this word has changed later in the twentieth century to mean a person who occupies a property illegally
TROOPERS: a cavalry soldier or a policeman on horseback.
The only one of these words that has basically died out of Australian English is "jumbuck". "troopers" is a bit dated, and "Waltzing Matilda" only survives because of this song.
Who'll come a Waltzing Matilda with me? the swagman asks, a century later. And a warm, dry wind from the gracelands of australia bears the burden of his sorrow to the world.